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1.Ph.D. in BiologicalScience (2001-2005) Department of Biological Science, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, ROC

2.M.A. in BiologicalScience (1998-2001) Department of Biological Science, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, ROC

3.B.S. in Occupational Therapy (1992-1996) Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical College, Kaohsiung, ROC

Clinical Training

Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Kaohsiung Chung-Ho Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, ROC

1.Assistant Professor2006.7-present Department of Occupational Therapy, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, ROC

2.Postdoctor2006.1-2006.6 Department of Medical Research, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine

3.Occupational Therapist 2000-2002 Department of Rehabilitation Ping-Tung hospital ROC

4.Occupational Therapist 1996-1999 Department of Rehabilitation JEN-AI hospital Ping-Tung City ROC

Professional Membership

1.The Chinese Physiological Society membership

2.Association of Anatomists of the Republic of China membershipThe Taiwan Occupational Therapy Association

Professional Activities

1.Occupational Therapy for Physical Dysfunction

2.Functional Anatomy for occupational therapy

Research field 1: Cardiovascular system

The Mechansim of Exendin-4-based nanoparticle on acute cerebral ischemia-induced stroke injury in diabetic mellitus rats. As Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) is a gut hormone secreted by small intestine under a fine-tune regulation in response to glucose concentration. GLP-1 exerts a glucose-dependent stimulatory effect on insulin release via binding to the GLP-1 receptor (GLP-1R) on pancreatic β-cells. GLP-1R has been reported to be ubiquitously expressed in non-pancreatic tissues including brain and cardiovascular system suggesting its important pathophysiologic role in these organs. Based on the physiological activity, GLP-1 has been clinically employed for treating patients with Type 2 diabetes. Recently, GLP-1 and its agonists have been reported to exert cardiovascular and neuronal protective activity in preclinical and clinical studies.To study whether diabetes mellitus is a major independent risk factor for induction of stroke by the mechanisms of diabetics induced oxidative stress and inflammation. The prevention of diabetic-induced stroke injury requires further studies. However, the efficiency and mechanisms of application between exedin-4 and exendin-4-load PLGA effect on diabetic-induced stroke are still uncertain. Because of possibly more efficiency on antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic activities, and longer-acting GLP-1R analogs exendin-4 and PLGA exendin-4-load are under investigation in this study. The hypotheses will be examined in this project. First, we suggest that GLP-1R activation may evoke Bax/Bcl-2/Bcl-xL dependent mitochondrial protection and nuclear-mediated PPARβ-δ/ HO-1 signaling to protective endothelial and neuronal cells. Second, we also suggest that GLP-1 analog and GLP-1R activation may produce vasodilatory effect in the endothelial and neuronal cells through PKA-PI3K/Akt-eNOS mediated signaling to restore NO bioavailability and subsequently improve endothelial and neuronal function. In this study, we will focus on the cardiovascular or neuronal protective activity of GLP-1R agonists and analogs, with an emphasis on examining the effect on diabetes-induced cerebral acute ischemia stroke of vascular damage in and neuronal damage in ischemia/reperfusion-induced stroke through the blood flow dysregulation. We will explore the protective effect of a newly developed nano-sized PLGA exendin-4-load treatment in the middle cerebral artery occlusion induced stroke in the diabetic mellitus rats. We will determine the levels of phosphorylated NFκB forms of ICAM-1, and Akt phosphorylated forms of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) in the diabetic-induced ischemia stroke damaged brain.

Research field 2: Digital Mirror Therapy

Mirror visual feedback (MVF) generated in mirror therapy (MT) with a physical mirror promotes the recovery of hemiparetic limbs in patients with stroke, but is limited in that it cannot provide an asymmetric mode for bimanual coordination training. Here, we developed a novel MT system that can manipulate the MVF to resolve this issue. The aims of this pilot study were to examine the feasibility of delayed MVF on MT and to establish its effects on cortical activation in order to understand how it can be used for clinical applications in the future.

Three conditions (no MVF, MVF, and 2-s delayed MVF) presented via our digital MT system were evaluated for their time-course effects on cortical activity by event-related desynchronization (ERD) of mu rhythm electroencephalography (EEG) during button presses in 18 healthy adults. Phasic ERD areas, defined as the areas of the relative ERD curve that were below the reference level and within -2-0 s (P0), 0-2 s (P1), and 2-4 s (P2) of the button press, were used.

The overall (P0 to P2) and phasic ERD areas were higher when MVF was provided compared to when MVF was not provided for all EEG channels (C3, Cz, and C4). Phasic ERD areas in the P2 phase only increased during the delayed-MVF condition. Significant enhancement of cortical activation in the mirror neuron system and an increase in attention to the unseen limb may play major roles in the response to MVF during MT. In comparison to the no MVF condition, the higher phasic ERD areas that were observed during the P1 phase in the delayed-MVF condition indicate that the image of the still hand may have enhanced the cortical activation that occurred in response to the button press.

Achieve delayed MVF for upper-limb MT. Our approach confirms previous findings regarding the effects of MVF on cortical activation and contributes additional evidence supporting the use of this method in the future for upper-limb motor training in patients with stroke.

1.08/1999 - 06/2003 Department of Special Education, National Changhua University of Education, Changhua, Taiwan. Major: Special Education. Degree: Ph.D.

2.09/1995 - 05/ 1997 Department of Occupational Therapy, University of Southern California , LA, USA. Major: Occupational Therapy. Degree: Master of Art

3.08/1989 - 06/1993 Department of Occupational Therapy, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan. Major: Occupational Therapy. Degree: Bachelor of Science

Clinical Training

1.08/1994 - 01/1995 Sin-Lau Hospital, Department of Child Development, Occupational Therapist

2.02/1995 - 08/1995 Yu-Li Hospital, Department of Occupational Therapy, Occupational Therapist

3.02/2002 - 06/2005 Educational Professional Teams for the Physically and Mentally Handicapped in Kaohsiung City, School-Based Occupational Therapist

4.06/1997 - 06/2005 Hui-Ka Rehabilitation Clinical, Occupational Therapist / Consultant

1.2/2010 - present Associate Professor, Department of Occupational Therapy I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan

2.8/2009 - 1/2010 Assistant professor, Department of Occupational Therapy I-Shou University, Kaohsiung County, Taiwan

3.8/2005 - 7/2009 Assistant professor & Chairman, Dept. of Occupational Therapy I-Shou University, Kaohsiung County, Taiwan

4.8/2003 - 7/2005 Assistant professor, Department of Occupational Therapy I-Shou University, Kaohsiung County, Taiwan

5. 02/2007 - presen E-DA Hospital Teaching Consultant

6. 8/1997 - 7/2003 Lecturer, Department of Physical Therapy Fooyin University, Kaohsiung County, Taiwan

7. 8/1993 - 7/1994 Teaching assistant, Department of Occupational Therapy National Cheng Kung University, Tainan City, Taiwan

Professional Membership

Individual member The Taiwan Occupational Therapy Association

1.License of Occupational Therapist in USA (No. 1009198)

2.License of Occupational Therapist in Taiwan (No.000247)

3.Certification of Sensory Integration and Praxis Test, Sensory Integration International, USA (No.7026)

Research field 1: Computerized-assisted Evaluation and Intervention of Handwriting deficits

The automation and motor control characteristics of children with handwriting deficits were studies by a digitizing graphical apparatus. The result revealed the automation of handwriting is remarkably slow in children with DCD or motor impairment subtype in handwriting. In the motor control of handwriting, children with DCD may use physic stiffness as strategy in writing simplex words, but it was not found in writing complex words. It indicates the impairment of motor learning and motor control is the major causation of handwriting deficit in children with DCD.

The objective of this study was to compare the effect of computer-assisted practice with the sensorimotor approach on the remediation of handwriting problems in children with dysgraphia. In a randomized controlled trial, experiments were conducted to verify the intervention effect. Forty two children with handwriting deficit were assigned to computer-assisted instruction, sensorimotor training, or a control group. Handwriting performance was measured using the elementary reading/writing test and computerized handwriting evaluation before and after 6 weeks of intervention. Repeated-measures ANOVA of changed scores were conducted to show whether statistically significant differences across the three groups were present. Significant differences in the elementary reading/writing test were found among the three groups. The computer group showed more significant improvements than the other two groups did. In the kinematic and kinetic analyses, the computer group showed promising results in the remediation of handwriting speed and fluency. This study provided clinical evidence for applying a computer-assisted handwriting program for children with dysgraphia. Clinicians and school teachers are provided with a systematic intervention for the improvement of handwriting difficulties.

Research field 2:Developmental Dyspraxia

The praxis test is a less well-documented method to determine functional manifestations of childhood dyspraxia. For this study, children aged 6-8 years were recruited as follows: 17 children with DCD, 18 at risk of DCD and 35 without obvious problems in motor coordination. The Movement Assessment Battery for Children (MABC-2) was used to measure motor performance and identify the motor incoordination. This study developed a battery of tests to assess limb praxis using a praxis imagery questionnaire, gesture representation, and questions about knowledge of object use. In the comparison of subtests within the praxis test, significant differences were observed across groups on the praxis imagery questionnaire and gesture representation tests but not on knowledge of object use. Similar results were observed in the correlation analyses, in which a weak relationship between MABC-2 and praxis tests was observed. The DCD group had lower scores on the praxis imagery questionnaire, whereas the group at risk of DCD had lower scores on most gesture production tests. Our study provides a better understanding of the nature of the childhood dyspraxia and sheds light on its effect on motor coordination to identify praxis tests with specific clinical meanings in children with movement disorders.

Research field 3:Computerized Graphomotor Analysis in Degenerative Diseases

This study explores the clinical features and motor impairments, characterized using computerized graphomotor analysis, of individuals with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI). We recruited 20 participants with AD, 12 with aMCI, and 16 control participants. All participants were asked to perform six graphomotor tasks on a digitizer tablet: formation of straight lines, cursive-connected loops, a single circle, and continuous circles, and two aiming tasks. The results show that slowness and irregularity of movement of AD and aMCI patients were not present in all tasks. Impairment was not found in the straight lines and cursive-connected loops tasks. In the task of drawing a single circle, the AD and aMCI participants had more difficulty drawing perfect circles than did the control group. They also showed greater size variations when drawing continuous circles. In the aiming tasks, performance differed across the three groups. The AD and aMCI participants both performed more slowly than did the controls. When accuracy was specified, the AD and aMCI participants performed the graphomotor tasks requiring wrist and finger coordination more slowly than did the controls. The results of this study suggest that aMCI is characterized by motor dysfunction and cognitive impairment. The degree of motor impairment, particularly in aiming movements with accuracy constraints, may help identify those at risk for AD

1.09/2005-06/2012 National Kaohsiung Normal University, Taiwan, PhD Program in Special Education, Major: Special Education, Degree: PhD

2.09/1996-06/1998, New York University, NY, USA, MA in Occupational Therapy, Major: Occupational Therapy, Degree: MA

3.09/1989-06/1994 Kaohsiung Medical College, Taiwan, Major: Occupational Therapy, Degree: BS
Associate Professor

Clinical Training

1.03/1994-06/1994 Kaohsiung Medical College Hospital, Taiwan, Rehabilitation Department, Occupational Therapist Intern, OT fieldwork training in developmental disabilities

2.11/1003-02/1994 Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taiwan, Psychiatric Department, Occupational Therapist Intern, OT fieldwork training in psychiatric dysfunction

3.07/1993-10/1993 Taipei Mackay Hospital, Taiwan, Rehabilitation Department, Occupational Therapist Intern, OT fieldwork training in physical dysfunction

1.10/2004-present I-Shou University, Taiwan, Occupational Therapy Department, Lecturer

2.05/2002-10/2004 Kaohsiung Kai-Suan Psychiatric Hospital, Taiwan, Occupational Rehabilitation Department, Occupational Therapist

3.10/1998-05/2002 Bali Psychiatric Center, Taiwan, Occupational Therapy Department, Occupational, Therapist

4.10/1994-08/1996 Taipei Medical College Hospital, Taiwan, Rehabilitation Department, Occupational Therapist

Professional Membership

1.1990-present Occupational Therapy Association, Taiwan Professional Activities

Research field 1: The effects of cognitive and affective changes in the areas of occupation due to normal and abnormal aging.

As the average human life expectancy has increased, so too has impact of ageing and age-related disease on our society. This research focuses on the issues of occupation for persons with normal and aging, in particular on the changes in cognitive and affective aspects. By considering the points of view in biological concepts, the changes of cognitive and affective factors in occupation performing would be detected in a time series chronological aspects.

Research field 2: Vocational Rehabilitation

Occupational therapy for work-related programs and assessments

Research field 3: Community rehabilitation

Development of Service Model for Community-based Occupational Therapy

Research field 4: Psychiatric diseases

Occupational therapy for depressive, anxiety, and other neurotic disorders: model for assessment and intervention

Research field 5: Mental health

Occupational therapy for mental illness: assessments and intervention.

1.09/2007 - 01/2011 Department of Occupational Therapy, Steinhardt School of Education, NEW YORK UNIVERSITY (NYU), New York, USA, Major: Post-Professional PhD in Occupational Therapy, Degree: PhD

2.09/2005 - 01/ 2007 Department of Occupational Therapy, Steinhardt School of Education, NEW YORK UNIVERSITY (NYU), New York, USA, Master of Arts in Occupational Therapy, Degree: Master of Arts

3.09/1998 - 06/2003 Department of Occupational Therapy, School of Medicine, NATIONAL CHENG KUNG UNIVERSITY, Tainan, TAIWAN, Major: Bachelor of Science in Occupational Therapy, Degree: Bachelor of Science

Clinical Training

1.07/2009 - 12/2009 Ran-I Rehabilitation Clinical, Occupational Therapist

2.2003 National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan Intern Occupational Therapist in Psychiatry

3.2002 National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan Intern Occupational Therapist in Physical (2002)

4.2002-2003 National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan Intern Occupational Therapist in Pediatrics

1.3/2011 - present Assistant professor, Department of Occupational Therapy, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung County, Taiwan

2.9/2007 - 8/2010 Teaching Assistant, Department of Occupational Therapy, NEW YORK UNIVERSITY (NYU), New York, USA

3.2004 - 2005 Research Assistant, Department of Occupational Therapy, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan,

Professional Membership

1.Individual member The Taiwan Occupational Therapy Association

Professional Activities

1.Occupational therapy and participation in psychiatry, Validation of clinical and outcome measures, Rasch measurement analysis

Research field 1: Occupation-based assessment

A simple and easy screening tool to evaluate preschool children's hand function is long lacking for parents and therapists. My research interests aim (1) to develop a screening tool of hand function for parents and therapists to use for children, and (2) to examine its dimensional structure and the agreement between parents' and therapists' ratings of children's hand function.

Research field 2: Rasch measurement analysis

The Rasch model is useful in developing an interval-level measurement tool based on modern item response theory. By using Rasch analysis, I will develop a concise Evaluation System Assessing Hand Function (ESAHF) for routine daily clinical use and a computerized adaptive testing system (ESAHF-CAT) for both clinicians and researchers.

Research field 3: Mental health

My research interests include: 1) outcome measurement; 2) development and validation of assessment in Psychiatric occupational therapy.

1.07/2006 - 07/2013 Department of Industrial Engineering Graduate CollageNational Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan, Major: Ergonomics

2.09/2000 - 12/ 2001 Department of Occupational Therapy Graduate College University of Southern California , LA, USA, Major: Occupational Therapy, Degree: Master of Art

3.1994 - 06/1998 Department of Occupational Therapy National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan Major: Occupational Therapy, Degree: Bachelor of Science

Clinical Training

1.2003 - 01/2004 Department of Occupational Therapy Hang-Ming Hospital, Changhua City Registered Occupational Therapist (part time)

2.07/2001 - 12/2001 Pediatric Therapy Network, California, USA Visiting Occupational Therapist

3.06/1998 - 02/2002 Hsin-Chu City Unified School District, Taiwan School-Based Occupation Therapist (part time)

4.06/1998 - 08/2000 Department of Occupational Therapy Ton-Yen General Hospital, Hsinchu Registered Occupational Therapist

1.2005 - 07/2007 Department of Occupational Therapy, Jen-The College of Medicine, Nursing, and Management, Taiwan Lecturer

2.2002 - 09/2004 Department of Occupational Therapy, Jen-The College of Medicine, Nursing, and Management, Taiwan Lecturer

Professional Membership

Professional Activities

1.Occupational Therapist Certification in California, USA (Registered OTRR) (No. 1058183)

2.Occupational Therapist Certification in Taiwan (No.000576)

Research field 1: Occupational therapy in long-term care

Long-term care is a variety of services which help meet health need of people with a chronic illness or disability who cannot care for themselves for long periods of time. My research interests include: 1) determining the roles and functions of occupational therapy in long-term care; 2) specifying the needs of long-term care provided at home, in the community, in assisted living or in nursing homes.

Research field 2: E-health for the elderly

E-health is a healthcare practice which is supported by electronic processes and communication. My research interests include: 1) testing the effects of e-health technologies to provide health support for self-management of chronic conditions among various geriatric populations; 2) determining the roles and functions of e-health technologies such as computers and Internet for the elderly.

Research field 3:Lifestyle redesign for persons with physical dysfunction

As the persons suffered from the physical dysfunction, lifestyle changes significantly and impacts on the quality of life. This research focuses on problems identification between the changes as well as redesign of personal occupation, such as activity to daily living, work, and leisure, link to the actual capacities. The purposes of this research expect to determine the suitable intervention strategies for the disabilities.

1. 09/2016-08/2020 Institute of Biophotonics, School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, Major: Biophotonics, Degree: Doctor of Philosophy

2. 09/2010-06/2013 Institute of Brain Science, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, Major: Brain Science, Degree: Master of Science

3. 09/2004-06/2008 Department of Occupational Therapy, School of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, Major: Occupational Therapy, Degree: Bachelor of Science

Clinical Training

1. 09/2008-10/2013 Tri-Service General Hospital Beitou Branch, Occupational Therapist

2. 11/2014-05/2015 Chun Jen Fang Rehabilitation Center, Occupational Therapist

3. 12/2013-09/2014 Chun I Recovery Home, Occupational Therapist

1. 02/2022-present Assistant professor, Department of Occupational Therapy, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung County, Taiwan

2. 09/2020-12/2021 Postdoctoral researcher, Institute of Biophotonics, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan

3. 06/2015-04/2016 Research assistant, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli County, Taiwan

4. 12/2013-03/2015 Research assistant, Mental Health Association in Taiwan, Taipei, Taiwan

Professional Membership

Professional Activities
1. Occupational therapy in psychiatry

2. Exploration of neurobiological markers for psychiatric disorders

3. Establishment of classification and prediction models for psychiatric disorders

1.09/2010 - 10/2017 Department of Occupational Therapy, School of Medicine, NATIONAL TAIWAN UNIVERSITY, Taipei, TAIWAN, Major: Occupational Therapy, Degree: Doctor of Philosophy (Direct Pursuit of PhD Degree)

2.09/2006 - 07/2009 Department of Occupational Therapy, School of Medicine, NATIONAL TAIWAN UNIVERSITY, Taipei, TAIWAN, Major: Occupational Therapy, Degree: Bachelor of Science

Clinical Training

1.03/2010-06/2010 Taso-Tun Psychiatric Center, Taiwan, Taiwan Intern Occupational Therapist in Psychiatry

2.11/2009-02/2010 National Taiwan University Hospital, Taiwan, Rehabilitation Department, Taiwan Intern Occupational Therapist in Physical

3.07/2009-10/2009 National Taiwan University Hospital, Taiwan, Rehabilitation Department, Taiwan Intern Occupational Therapist in Pediatrics

1.2/2019 - present Assistant professor, Department of Occupational Therapy, I-SHOU UNIVERSITY, Kaohsiung County, Taiwan

2.11/2017 - 11/2018 Postdoctoral researcher, Department of Occupational Therapy, CHANG-GUNG UNIVERSITY, Taoyuan, Taiwan

3.9/2011 - 7/2014 Teaching Assistant, Department of Occupational Therapy, NATIONAL TAIWAN UNIVERSITY, Taipei, Taiwan

Professional Membership
1. Individual member The Taiwan Occupational Therapy Association

Professional Activities
Robot-assisted therapy, Motor rehabilitation, Predictors of daily participation

Research field 1: Robot-assisted therapy

Robot-assisted intervention for upper limb extremity after stroke mainly emphasize proximal part training and overlook distal part training. My research interests aim to investigate the effect of hand RA system named "Rehab-Robotics" on motor performance of upper limb extremity in patients with stroke.

Research field 2: Motor rehabilitation

Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is a common neuromodulation technique with clinical evidence of altering neuronal excitability. Combining tDCS technique with task-specific neurorehabilitation training such as mirror therapy might be one plausible.